Samavartana (Graduation) –
Just like we graduate from college, in ancient times the children would spend 12 years in the house of their Guru and then graduate. A ceremonial bath was organized and the child was not considered bathed in knowledge or showered with learning. This Sanskara marked the end of Brahmacharya but not necessarily the beginning of married life. In most cases, a significant amount of time passed between graduation and marriage. The ceremony was marked by the gathering of all students and their teacher, along with the parents just like modern times. The student would then ask the Guru what would be their Guru Dakshina (a gift in lieu of the education imparted) and the Guru would mention it, which if specified was the student’s responsibility to deliver over his or her lifetime.
After the recitation of the Graduate’s Dharma (duties to be fulfilled by the student as a graduate), they took a bath. The Snataka Dharma was mentioned in Taittiriya Upanishad as below –
Never err from Truth,
Never err from Dharma,
Never neglect your well-being,
Never neglect your health,
Never neglect your prosperity,
Never neglect Svādhyāya (the study of oneself) and Pravacana (exposition of Vedas).
— Taittirĩya Upanishad, I.11.1
There were also behavioral guidelines for students to follow after school –
Be one to whom a mother is as a god, be one to whom a father is as a god,
Be one to whom an Acharya (spiritual guide, scholars you learn from) is as a god,
Be one to whom a guest is as a god.[105]
Let your actions be uncensorable, none else.
Those acts that you consider good when done to you, do those to others, none else.
— Taittirĩya Upanishad, I.11.2
Besides these, the students were also advised to perform charity, have faith, modesty, and cheerfulness as ethical precepts.
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